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Smoothtooth blacktip shark
The smoothtooth blacktip shark (''Carcharhinus leiodon'') is a species of requiem shark, in the family Carcharhinidae. It is known only from the type specimen caught from the Gulf of Aden, off eastern Yemen, and a handful of additional specimens caught from the Persian Gulf, off Kuwait. Reaching in length, this species has a stocky greenish-colored body, a short snout, and black-tipped fins. It can be distinguished from similar species by its teeth, which are narrow, erect, and smooth-edged.
Little is known of the smoothtooth blacktip shark's natural history; it likely inhabits shallow waters and feeds on small bony fishes. It is presumably viviparous like other members of its family. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) last assessed this species as Vulnerable, when only the sole type specimen was known. Although more specimens have since been discovered, the conservation status of this species remains precarious due to heavy fishing and habitat degradation within its range.
==Taxonomy and phylogeny==
The first known specimen of the smoothtooth blacktip shark was a long immature male caught by Wilhelm Hein in 1902 and deposited at the Naturhistorisches Museum in Vienna. The location was recorded as the Gulf of Aden near "Gischin", which likely refers to the town of Qishn in eastern Yemen. In 1985, the shark was examined and described as a new species by New Zealand ichthyologist Jack Garrick in a National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Technical Report. He gave it the specific epithet ''leiodon'', from the Greek ''leios'' meaning "smooth", and ''odon'' meaning "tooth".〔 This species was known only by the single specimen until 2008, when fishery surveys in Kuwait uncovered several more specimens.〔
Based on morphology, Leonard Compagno in 1988 tentatively grouped the smoothtooth blacktip shark with the spinner shark (''C. brevipinna''), the blacktip shark (''C. limbatus''), the graceful shark (''C. amblyrhynchoides''), and the finetooth shark (''C. isodon'').〔 Using molecular phylogenetic techniques on mitochondrial DNA sequences, Alec Moore and colleagues reported in 2011 that this species is closely related to the graceful shark, the blacktip shark, and the Australian blacktip shark (''C. tilstoni'').〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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